fig1

Figure 1. Flowchart of our bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. AD: Alzheimer’s disease; ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; AVS: ALS Variant Server; IGAP: the International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project; IPDGC: International Parkinson’s Disease Genomics Consortium; IVW: inverse-variance weighted; MR-PRESSO: Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier; PD: Parkinson’s disease; SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism; SSGAC: Social Science Genetic Association.